{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-98231","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"Linux","dateReserved":"2026-09-25T10:25:14.328Z","datePublished":"2026-10-06T08:45:05.183Z","dateUpdated":"2026-10-06T08:45:05.183Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux","dateUpdated":"2026-10-06T08:45:05.183Z"},"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush\n\nThe deferred-device pass in xfrm_dev_state_flush() finds states under\nxfrm_state_dev_gc_lock, but drops the lock before calling\nxfrm_dev_state_free() because the driver callback may sleep.  The device\nGC list does not hold an xfrm_state reference, so the state GC worker can\ndestroy the same state concurrently.\n\nThe race can proceed as follows:\n\n  CPU 0                               CPU 1\n  find x on the device GC list\n  drop xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock\n  read x->xso.dev\n                                      xfrm_state_gc_destroy(x)\n                                      xfrm_dev_state_free(x)\n                                      xfrm_state_free(x)\n  continue xfrm_dev_state_free(x)\n\nBoth paths can invoke the driver callback and drop the device reference.\nCPU 0 can also access the xfrm_state after CPU 1 has freed it.\n\nKASAN reported:\n\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0\n  Read of size 8 at addr ffff88810bbaa960 by task poc/102\n\n  Call Trace:\n   xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0\n   xfrm_dev_state_flush+0x353/0x400\n   xfrm_dev_event+0x26d/0x3a0\n   notifier_call_chain+0xc0/0x280\n   __dev_notify_flags+0x169/0x250\n   netif_change_flags+0xe7/0x160\n   dev_change_flags+0x96/0x220\n   devinet_ioctl+0x7f4/0x1880\n\n  Allocated by task 87:\n   xfrm_state_alloc+0x1e/0x5c0\n   xfrm_add_sa+0xe7f/0x5820\n   xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x4f3/0x940\n\n  Freed by task 57:\n   kmem_cache_free+0xcb/0x3d0\n   xfrm_state_gc_task+0x4a8/0x650\n   process_one_work+0x63a/0x1070\n\nSerialize xfrm_state destruction against the deferred-device pass with a\nmutex.  Keep xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock limited to list operations and retain\nthe existing callback and device-reference release ordering."}],"affected":[{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c"],"versions":[{"version":"d5f53edd43daf3e6e1633a49c561387f8f99e13f","lessThan":"937108dc0258d6ac69926b00bc53598c98986ee1","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009","lessThan":"39e41af3653ee45c985190dd97426f318918d201","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009","lessThan":"75fc4561772e2f9811abf39ed10443e6f4a4bc6c","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009","lessThan":"84e378395494963b1e581cf223a7cbeec8c0e2d6","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009","lessThan":"89fefad9f971bc637fb22373078144f2563c4be9","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"8ecee44464a4926c9bef989a1490b7394785f584","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"6.6.44","lessThan":"6.6.158","status":"affected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.10.3","lessThan":"6.11","status":"affected","versionType":"semver"}]},{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c"],"versions":[{"version":"6.11","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","lessThan":"6.11","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.158","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.112","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.18.54","lessThanOrEqual":"6.18.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"7.2.8","lessThanOrEqual":"7.2.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"7.3-rc4","lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.6.44","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.158"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.11","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.112"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.11","versionEndExcluding":"6.18.54"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.11","versionEndExcluding":"7.2.8"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.11","versionEndExcluding":"7.3-rc4"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.10.3"}]}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/937108dc0258d6ac69926b00bc53598c98986ee1"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39e41af3653ee45c985190dd97426f318918d201"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/75fc4561772e2f9811abf39ed10443e6f4a4bc6c"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/84e378395494963b1e581cf223a7cbeec8c0e2d6"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/89fefad9f971bc637fb22373078144f2563c4be9"}],"title":"xfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}}}