{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-46116","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"Linux","dateReserved":"2026-05-13T15:03:33.098Z","datePublished":"2026-05-28T09:35:30.689Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-25T12:05:58.654Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T12:29:48.359Z"},"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete\n\nKASAN reproduces a slab-use-after-free in __xfrm_state_delete()'s\nhlist_del_rcu calls under syzkaller load on linux-6.12.y stable\n(reproduced on 6.12.47, also reachable via the same code path on\ntorvalds/master and on the ipsec tree). Nine unique signatures cluster\nin the xfrm_state lifecycle, the load-bearing one being:\n\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __hlist_del include/linux/list.h:990 [inline]\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in hlist_del_rcu include/linux/rculist.h:516 [inline]\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __xfrm_state_delete net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c\n  Write of size 8 at addr ffff8881198bcb70 by task kworker/u8:9/435\n\n  Workqueue: netns cleanup_net\n  Call Trace:\n   __hlist_del / hlist_del_rcu\n   __xfrm_state_delete\n   xfrm_state_delete\n   xfrm_state_flush\n   xfrm_state_fini\n   ops_exit_list\n   cleanup_net\n\nThe other observed signatures hit the same slab object from\n__xfrm_state_lookup, xfrm_alloc_spi, __xfrm_state_insert and an OOB\nwrite variant of __xfrm_state_delete, all on the byseq/byspi\nhash chains.\n\n__xfrm_state_delete() guards its byseq and byspi unhashes with\nvalue-based predicates:\n\n\tif (x->km.seq)\n\t\thlist_del_rcu(&x->byseq);\n\tif (x->id.spi)\n\t\thlist_del_rcu(&x->byspi);\n\nwhile everywhere else in the file (e.g. state_cache, state_cache_input)\nthe safer hlist_unhashed() check is used. xfrm_alloc_spi() sets\nx->id.spi = newspi inside xfrm_state_lock and then immediately inserts\ninto byspi, but a path that observes x->id.spi != 0 outside of\nxfrm_state_lock can still skip-or-hit the byspi unhash inconsistently\nwith whether x is actually on the list. The same holds for x->km.seq\nversus byseq, and the bydst/bysrc unhashes have no predicate at all,\nso a second __xfrm_state_delete() on the same object writes through\nLIST_POISON pprev.\n\nThe defensive change here:\n\n  - Use hlist_del_init_rcu() instead of hlist_del_rcu() on bydst,\n    bysrc, byseq and byspi so a second deletion is a no-op rather\n    than a write through LIST_POISON pprev. The byseq/byspi nodes\n    are already initialised in xfrm_state_alloc().\n  - Test hlist_unhashed() rather than the value predicate for\n    byseq/byspi, so the unhash decision tracks list state rather than\n    mutable scalar fields.\n\nEmpirical verification: applied this patch on top of v6.12.47, rebuilt,\nand re-ran the same syzkaller harness for 1h16m on a previously-crashy\nconfiguration that produced ~100 hits each of slab-use-after-free\nRead in xfrm_alloc_spi / Read in __xfrm_state_lookup / Write in\n__xfrm_state_delete. After the patch, 7.1M execs across 32 VMs at\n~1550 exec/sec produced zero xfrm_state UAF/OOB hits. /proc/slabinfo\nconfirms the xfrm_state slab is actively allocated and freed during\nthe run (~143 KiB resident), so the fuzzer is still exercising those\ncode paths -- they just no longer crash.\n\nReproduction:\n\n  - Linux 6.12.47 x86_64 + KASAN_GENERIC + KASAN_INLINE + KCOV\n  - syzkaller @ 746545b8b1e4c3a128db8652b340d3df90ce61db\n  - 32 QEMU/KVM VMs x 2 vCPU on AWS c5.metal bare metal\n  - 9 unique signatures collected in ~9h, all within xfrm_state\n    lifecycle"}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:L - The xfrm_state lifecycle is reached through the NETLINK_XFRM and PF_KEY socket interfaces (local syscalls); the freed object and the race are set up by the attacker's local state-management operations, not by remote packets.\nAC:L - Although it is a race/double-free, the attacker controls all racing actors (concurrent DELSA/ALLOCSPI/FLUSHSA threads plus namespace teardown they trigger) and can repeat indefinitely; syzkaller hit it ~100 times per hour, so a targeted trigger is reliable.\nPR:L - All xfrm operations require CAP_NET_ADMIN, but the check is against the netns user namespace, so an unprivileged user obtains it via `unshare -Urn` and exercises the per-netns xfrm_state path.\nUI:N - The attacker performs all state creation, deletion and namespace teardown itself; no victim action is required.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to the kernel's own slab memory within the same security authority; it is not a hypervisor or IOMMU boundary crossing.\nC:H - The slab-use-after-free gives the attacker control over freed xfrm_state contents and read-UAF sites (xfrm_alloc_spi/__xfrm_state_lookup), enabling arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - The UAF/OOB writes an attacker-influenced 8-byte list pointer into freed/adjacent slab memory, providing a heap write primitive leveragable for arbitrary write and control-flow hijack.\nA:H - The slab-use-after-free and out-of-bounds writes corrupt kernel hash chains, reliably causing oops/panic and bringing the kernel down."}]}],"affected":[{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c"],"versions":[{"version":"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6","lessThan":"6b4dc3181b4bfc5f5fc33ab33b1dc6e15759f4b6","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6","lessThan":"3943fcad7694a7d0b15aeabe7d3cc2a2eb8e92e8","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6","lessThan":"2c617848ae6e4f07a3e397f604208c293bbecacc","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6","lessThan":"b4a53add2fa8f1b5aa17d4c5686c320785fab182","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6","lessThan":"26edb0a3c99f9d958c212be68b21f1221614dcf0","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6","lessThan":"4980162de555cb838f1a189ce7d2cbf5d2e7b050","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6","lessThan":"a2e2d08fb070fab4947447171f1c4e3ca5a188e5","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6","lessThan":"14acf9652e5690de3c7486c6db5fb8dafd0a32a3","status":"affected","versionType":"git"}]},{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c"],"versions":[{"version":"2.6.19","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","lessThan":"2.6.19","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.10.261","lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.210","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.176","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.140","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.88","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.18.30","lessThanOrEqual":"6.18.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"7.0.7","lessThanOrEqual":"7.0.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"7.1","lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"2.6.19","versionEndExcluding":"5.10.261"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"2.6.19","versionEndExcluding":"5.15.210"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"2.6.19","versionEndExcluding":"6.1.176"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"2.6.19","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.140"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"2.6.19","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.88"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"2.6.19","versionEndExcluding":"6.18.30"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"2.6.19","versionEndExcluding":"7.0.7"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"2.6.19","versionEndExcluding":"7.1"}]}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6b4dc3181b4bfc5f5fc33ab33b1dc6e15759f4b6"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3943fcad7694a7d0b15aeabe7d3cc2a2eb8e92e8"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c617848ae6e4f07a3e397f604208c293bbecacc"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b4a53add2fa8f1b5aa17d4c5686c320785fab182"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/26edb0a3c99f9d958c212be68b21f1221614dcf0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4980162de555cb838f1a189ce7d2cbf5d2e7b050"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a2e2d08fb070fab4947447171f1c4e3ca5a188e5"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/14acf9652e5690de3c7486c6db5fb8dafd0a32a3"}],"title":"xfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}},"adp":[{"affected":[{"collectionURL":"https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/","cpes":["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2"],"defaultStatus":"affected","packageName":"kernel","product":"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10","vendor":"Red Hat","versions":[{"lessThan":"*","status":"unaffected","version":"0:6.12.0-211.37.1.el10_2","versionType":"rpm"}]},{"collectionURL":"https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/","cpes":["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0"],"defaultStatus":"affected","packageName":"kernel","product":"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support","vendor":"Red 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This vulnerability, a use-after-free, occurs when the system incorrectly manages memory related to security policies, specifically during the deletion of `xfrm_state` lists. An attacker with local access could exploit this flaw by triggering specific operations, leading to memory corruption. This could cause the system to become unstable, resulting in crashes or a Denial of Service (DoS), and potentially allow for unauthorized access to sensitive information or increased privileges."}],"metrics":[{"other":{"content":{"namespace":"https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/","value":"Important"},"type":"Red Hat severity rating"}},{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"HIGH","attackVector":"LOCAL","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":7,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"LOW","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"format":"CVSS"}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-763","description":"Release of Invalid Pointer or Reference","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"references":[{"tags":["vdb-entry","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-46116"},{"name":"RHBZ#2482523","tags":["issue-tracking","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2482523"},{"tags":["x_sadp-csaf-vex"],"url":"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-46116.json"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:41235"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:41234"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:39371"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42919"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:47739"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:43231"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:44385"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36018"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59143"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:39179"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59146"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:47633"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:49033"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:47869"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59142"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59147"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59145"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59148"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59149"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:39180"},{"tags":["vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:47632"}],"solutions":[{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:41235: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS), Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional (v. 7 ELS)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:41234: Red Hat Enterprise Linux for Real Time (v. 7 ELS)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:39371: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v. 10.0), Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v. 10.0), Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v. 10.0), Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v. 10.0), Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v. 10.0)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:42919: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10), Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 10), Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10), Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 10), Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 10)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:47739: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2), Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.2)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:43231: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.4), Red 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8)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:47633: Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v.8.4), Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:49033: Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v.8.6), Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS EXTENSION (v.8.6)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:47869: Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.8.8), Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS TUS (v.8.8)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:59142: Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.8.8)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:59147: Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.2)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:59145: Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.4)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:59148: Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.6)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:59149: Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:39180: Red Hat Enterprise Linux NFV (v. 8), Red Hat Enterprise Linux RT (v. 8)"},{"lang":"en","value":"RHSA-2026:47632: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.2), Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV E4S (v.9.2)"}],"timeline":[{"lang":"en","time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00.000Z","value":"Reported to Red Hat."},{"lang":"en","time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00.000Z","value":"Made public."}],"title":"kernel: xfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete","x_adpType":"supplier","x_generator":{"engine":"sadp-cli 1.0.0"},"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c","shortName":"redhat-SADP","dateUpdated":"2026-08-25T12:05:58.654Z"}}]}}