{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-18439","assignerOrgId":"b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"Wordfence","dateReserved":"2026-07-30T20:23:23.648Z","datePublished":"2026-09-22T07:41:12.011Z","dateUpdated":"2026-09-23T18:46:53.858Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599","shortName":"Wordfence","dateUpdated":"2026-09-22T07:41:12.011Z"},"affected":[{"vendor":"themeum","product":"Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution","versions":[{"version":"0","status":"affected","lessThanOrEqual":"4.0.7","versionType":"semver"}],"defaultStatus":"unaffected"}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"The Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the tutor_quiz_builder_save AJAX action due to missing validation that nested question_id, answer_id, deleted_question_ids[], and deleted_answer_ids[] values in the submitted payload belong to a quiz/topic/course the requester is authorized to manage. The handler only validates the top-level course_id, topic_id, and (when supplied) payload['ID'], but the nested identifiers are passed straight into $wpdb->update/DELETE statements in QuizBuilder::save_questions(), QuizBuilder::save_question_answers(), and QuizBuilder::handle_delete(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Instructor-level access and above, to overwrite the content and re-parent arbitrary quiz questions/answers belonging to other instructors or administrators, and to delete arbitrary quiz question and answer rows."}],"title":"Tutor LMS <= 4.0.7 - Authenticated (Custom+) Insecure Direct Object Reference to Arbitrary Quiz Question/Answer Modification and Deletion via 'payload' Parameter","references":[{"url":"https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/6d07c82d-262a-4ac1-9ee5-7ef4d025f66f?source=cve"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L291"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L156"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L423"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L430"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L781"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L291"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L156"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L423"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L430"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L781"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3690454/tutor/tags/4.0.8/classes/QuizBuilder.php"}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","description":"CWE-639 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key","cweId":"CWE-639","type":"CWE"}]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","baseScore":4.3,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM"}}],"credits":[{"lang":"en","type":"finder","value":"Nakul Chodha"}],"timeline":[{"time":"2026-07-30T20:38:30.000Z","lang":"en","value":"Vendor Notified"},{"time":"2026-09-21T18:52:22.000Z","lang":"en","value":"Disclosed"}]},"adp":[{"metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"id":"CVE-2026-18439","role":"CISA Coordinator","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"version":"2.0.3","timestamp":"2026-09-23T18:37:32.518219Z"}}}],"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","providerMetadata":{"orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","shortName":"CISA-ADP","dateUpdated":"2026-09-23T18:46:53.858Z"}}]}}