{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-17351","assignerOrgId":"f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"PostgreSQL","dateReserved":"2026-07-25T02:52:57.350Z","datePublished":"2026-07-31T16:00:19.103Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-01T03:56:14.973Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007","shortName":"PostgreSQL","dateUpdated":"2026-07-31T16:00:19.103Z"},"title":"pgAdmin 4: AI Assistant read-only transaction bypass via sqlparse/PostgreSQL lexer disagreement (incomplete fix for CVE-2026-12045)","affected":[{"vendor":"pgadmin.org","product":"pgAdmin 4","repo":"https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4","modules":["AI Assistant","LLM Tools"],"programFiles":["https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/blob/master/web/pgadmin/llm/tools/database.py"],"versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"9.13","lessThan":"9.17","versionType":"custom"}],"defaultStatus":"unaffected"}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"The fix for CVE-2026-12045 in pgAdmin 4 9.16 required the LLM-supplied query passed to the AI Assistant's execute_sql_query tool to parse, via sqlparse, as exactly one non-transaction-control statement before running it inside a BEGIN TRANSACTION READ ONLY wrapper. sqlparse's string-literal lexing can disagree with PostgreSQL's own parser: under standard_conforming_strings = on (PostgreSQL's default since 9.1), a backslash immediately before a quote is an ordinary character to PostgreSQL, but sqlparse treats it as escaping the quote. A payload such as SELECT '\\';COMMIT;CREATE TABLE pwn(x int);SELECT 1 --' therefore parses as a single SELECT to sqlparse's validator, while PostgreSQL executes it as four statements: the smuggled COMMIT ends the wrapping read-only transaction, and the trailing ROLLBACK becomes a no-op. This reintroduces the same write/RCE bypass CVE-2026-12045 was meant to close, reachable via the same indirect prompt-injection delivery (an attacker plants the payload in any object the AI Assistant may read; the LLM emits it as a tool call).\n\nAn initial candidate fix ran the query with psycopg's execute(..., prepare=True), intending to force PostgreSQL's own Parse step (extended query protocol) to reject multi-statement text regardless of sqlparse's classification. This candidate fix does not work as submitted: psycopg3's PrepareManager silently ignores the prepare argument whenever the connection's prepare_threshold is None, which is pgAdmin's default for every server connection (the per-server \"Prepare threshold\" field is blank unless an administrator explicitly sets it) -- psycopg3 falls back to the simple query protocol, the same multi-statement-capable path the bypass exploits, so the candidate fix closes nothing on any real-world default configuration.\n\nThe corrected fix sets conn.prepare_threshold = 0 directly on the dedicated, single-use read-only connection the AI Assistant tool opens, structurally forcing the extended query protocol independent of any server-level configuration. Verified against a live PostgreSQL 18 instance: the payload executes successfully under the prepare_threshold=None (default) behavior, and is rejected with \"cannot insert multiple commands into a prepared statement\" once prepare_threshold=0 is set on that connection.\n\nThis issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 9.13 before 9.17."}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/10192","tags":["issue-tracking"]},{"url":"https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/ef76102bcd1cdb544eb9b4ef18d3382f22b76752","tags":["patch"]},{"url":"https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/bf4792444446f0e7ab721d23cbd6bfe6afaa7a8b","tags":["related"]}],"metrics":[{"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"Threat model: identical to CVE-2026-12045 -- indirect prompt injection. An attacker with low-privilege DB write access plants a payload in any object the AI Assistant might read (table row, column value, comment). When a pgAdmin user with a higher-privilege database role (typically superuser or holder of pg_execute_server_program) opens the AI Assistant against that content, the LLM emits the lexer-differential payload as a tool call, which smuggles a COMMIT past the intended read-only guard and can chain to COPY ... TO PROGRAM for OS code execution. Scored identically to the original CVE-2026-12045 record for consistency, since this is the same vulnerability surviving an incomplete fix rather than a functionally different bug: S:C for the confused-deputy pattern (attacker is not the LLM user; third-party DB content steers the user's own LLM session into unauthorised writes)."}],"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"REQUIRED","scope":"CHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseSeverity":"CRITICAL","baseScore":9,"vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H"}},{"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"Same reasoning as the CVSS 3.1 entry and as the original CVE-2026-12045 record: indirect prompt injection, third-party content drives the user's LLM session, COPY ... TO PROGRAM reaches the DB host. VC:H/VI:H/VA:H + SC:H/SI:H/SA:H since RCE on the DB host compromises both pgAdmin's authority and the downstream system. UI:P captures that the user merely uses the AI Assistant normally."}],"cvssV4_0":{"version":"4.0","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H","baseScore":9.4,"baseSeverity":"CRITICAL"}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","description":"CWE-89 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')","cweId":"CWE-89","type":"CWE"},{"lang":"en","description":"CWE-115 Misinterpretation of Input","cweId":"CWE-115","type":"CWE"}]}],"credits":[{"lang":"en","value":"Kai Aizen (SnailSploit)","type":"finder"},{"lang":"en","value":"Kundan Sable <kundan.sable@enterprisedb.com>","type":"remediation developer"},{"lang":"en","value":"Ashesh Vashi <ashesh.vashi@enterprisedb.com>","type":"remediation developer"},{"lang":"en","value":"Ashesh Vashi <ashesh.vashi@enterprisedb.com>","type":"remediation reviewer"}],"source":{"discovery":"EXTERNAL"}},"adp":[{"metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2026-07-31T00:00:00+00:00","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3","id":"CVE-2026-17351"}}}],"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","providerMetadata":{"orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","shortName":"CISA-ADP","dateUpdated":"2026-08-01T03:56:14.973Z"}}]}}