{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-40171","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"Linux","dateReserved":"2025-04-16T07:20:57.176Z","datePublished":"2025-11-12T10:46:52.289Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T12:08:16.789Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T12:08:16.789Z"},"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnvmet-fc: move lsop put work to nvmet_fc_ls_req_op\n\nIt’s possible for more than one async command to be in flight from\n__nvmet_fc_send_ls_req. For each command, a tgtport reference is taken.\n\nIn the current code, only one put work item is queued at a time, which\nresults in a leaked reference.\n\nTo fix this, move the work item to the nvmet_fc_ls_req_op struct, which\nalready tracks all resources related to the command."}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:N - The trigger is a remote FC-NVMe initiator sending Create Association / Disconnect Association Link Services to the nvmet-fc target port, processed via `nvmet_fc_rcv_ls_req()` from the LLDD (lpfc). Consistent with other NVMe-oF target CVEs in this tree (including qla2xxx FC), the attacker is a remote peer on the storage fabric, which can itself be extended over routed transports.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the timing — issuing several associations and then disconnecting them concurrently reliably puts multiple LS requests in flight, and `queue_work()` deterministically drops every put after the first while one is pending. No memory-layout or victim-state condition is involved.\nPR:N - `nvmet_fc_ls_create_association()` and `nvmet_fc_ls_disconnect()` validate only LS descriptor lengths and tags; there is no host-NQN allow-list check, NVMe Connect, or authentication on this path. Any initiator that can reach the target port exercises it pre-authentication.\nUI:N - The leak is produced entirely by attacker-sent Link Service frames handled asynchronously by the target. No administrator or local user action is required.\nS:U - The leaked reference, stranded allocation, and failed teardown are all confined to the kernel of the target host. No security authority boundary such as a VM or IOMMU domain is crossed.\nC:N - The defect is purely a missed `kref_put()`; nothing is freed early, read out of bounds, or returned to the attacker. Tracing the coalescing shows it can only drop puts, never duplicate them, so no use-after-free read primitive exists.\nI:N - No memory is corrupted or written out of bounds — the refcount only ever ends too high, so no write or control-flow-hijack primitive arises. lpfc additionally guards its on-stack completion in `lpfc_nvmet_targetport_delete()`, closing the only late-completion write hazard.\nA:H - The tgtport is never freed, so `nvmet_fc_free_ls_iodlist()` and `targetport_delete` never run: `lpfc_nvmet_destroy_targetport()` stalls for `LPFC_NVMET_WAIT_TMO` (5 s) and then aborts with an error, permanently stranding the target port, its HBA DMA mappings, and a `get_device()` reference that no longer can be released without a reboot."}]}],"affected":[{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/nvme/target/fc.c"],"versions":[{"version":"5e0bc09a52b6169ce90f7ac6e195791adb16cec4","lessThan":"11269c08013f4ee8b8f5edc6c56700acb34092d0","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"9e6987f8937a7bd7516aa52f25cb7e12c0c92ee8","lessThan":"a28112cc55013cd8cbd5d36b5115a5b851151bd9","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"eaf0971fdabf2a93c1429dc6bedf3bbe85dffa30","lessThan":"060ecc81240ef9d60d9485a3a5eb55a0d6e7a25c","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397","lessThan":"7331925c247b03b7767b8cd93cfe1b7aa2377850","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397","lessThan":"7a619f8c869117ffed08365b377f66b7e1d941b4","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397","lessThan":"db5a5406fb7e5337a074385c7a3e53c77f2c1bd3","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"1d86f79287206deec36d63b89c741cf542b6cadd","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"5.15.150","lessThan":"5.15.195","status":"affected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.80","lessThan":"6.1.156","status":"affected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.19","lessThan":"6.6.112","status":"affected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.7.7","lessThan":"6.8","status":"affected","versionType":"semver"}]},{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/nvme/target/fc.c"],"versions":[{"version":"6.8","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","lessThan":"6.8","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.195","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.156","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.112","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.53","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.17.3","lessThanOrEqual":"6.17.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.18","lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.15.150","versionEndExcluding":"5.15.195"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.1.80","versionEndExcluding":"6.1.156"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.6.19","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.112"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.8","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.53"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.8","versionEndExcluding":"6.17.3"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.8","versionEndExcluding":"6.18"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.7.7"}]}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/11269c08013f4ee8b8f5edc6c56700acb34092d0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a28112cc55013cd8cbd5d36b5115a5b851151bd9"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/060ecc81240ef9d60d9485a3a5eb55a0d6e7a25c"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7331925c247b03b7767b8cd93cfe1b7aa2377850"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7a619f8c869117ffed08365b377f66b7e1d941b4"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db5a5406fb7e5337a074385c7a3e53c77f2c1bd3"}],"title":"nvmet-fc: move lsop put work to nvmet_fc_ls_req_op","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}}}