{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-40149","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"Linux","dateReserved":"2025-04-16T07:20:57.175Z","datePublished":"2025-11-12T10:23:27.122Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T12:08:04.814Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T12:08:04.814Z"},"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntls: Use __sk_dst_get() and dst_dev_rcu() in get_netdev_for_sock().\n\nget_netdev_for_sock() is called during setsockopt(),\nso not under RCU.\n\nUsing sk_dst_get(sk)->dev could trigger UAF.\n\nLet's use __sk_dst_get() and dst_dev_rcu().\n\nNote that the only ->ndo_sk_get_lower_dev() user is\nbond_sk_get_lower_dev(), which uses RCU."}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:L - `get_netdev_for_sock()` has exactly two callers, `tls_set_device_offload()` and `tls_set_device_offload_rx()`, both reachable only from `setsockopt(SOL_TLS, TLS_TX/TLS_RX)` in process context — no received TLS record or remote peer data drives this path. The racing `dst_dev_put()` side likewise requires local netlink link/route teardown, so the entire attack is delivered through local syscalls.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race — one thread repeatedly issues `setsockopt(TLS_TX)` on TCP sockets whose `sk_dst_cache` points at a veth while another deletes that veth in the attacker's own netns — and can retry indefinitely until the window between reading `dst->dev` and the `netdev_ref_replace()`/free is hit. `CONFIG_TLS_DEVICE` is a routinely enabled distro option, and the vulnerable read happens before any NIC-capability or `IFF_UP` gate, so no special hardware is required.\nPR:L - An ordinary unprivileged local account suffices: attaching the tls ULP and calling `setsockopt(SOL_TLS, ...)` requires no capability once the ULP is registered (the `capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN)` check in `__tcp_ulp_find_autoload()` gates only module autoload), and the CAP_NET_ADMIN needed to create and delete the veth is obtained in the attacker's own user+net namespace via `unshare -Urn`, not real root.\nUI:N - Exploitation is driven entirely by the attacker's own threads issuing socket syscalls and netlink link/route operations; no victim action, mount, or file open is involved.\nS:U - The use-after-free is on a kernel `struct net_device` and its consequences remain within the kernel's own security authority, with no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free on a freed, heap-sprayable `net_device`: `netdev_sk_get_lower_dev()` reads `dev->netdev_ops` from freed memory and the caller subsequently reads `netdev->features` and `netdev->flags`, whose values are observable through the setsockopt return code and the resulting offload state, giving an attacker-groomable read of reclaimed kernel memory.\nI:H - The freed object is used for two indirect calls — `ops->ndo_sk_get_lower_dev(dev, sk)` and later `netdev->tlsdev_ops->tls_dev_add(...)` — both function pointers loaded out of reclaimed memory, and `dev_hold(lowest_dev)` performs a refcount increment inside the freed allocation, together yielding control-flow-hijack and write primitives once the slab is sprayed.\nA:H - Dereferencing and indirect-calling through a freed `net_device` reliably oopses the kernel even when not weaponized, and the race is repeatable at will by an unprivileged local user for a persistent denial of service."}]}],"affected":[{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/tls/tls_device.c"],"versions":[{"version":"e8f69799810c32dd40c6724d829eccc70baad07f","lessThan":"2b1bef126bbb8d0da51491357559126d567c1dee","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"e8f69799810c32dd40c6724d829eccc70baad07f","lessThan":"e37ca0092ddace60833790b4ad7a390408fb1be9","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"e8f69799810c32dd40c6724d829eccc70baad07f","lessThan":"13159c7125636371543a82cb7bbae00ab36730cc","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"e8f69799810c32dd40c6724d829eccc70baad07f","lessThan":"f09cd209359a23f88d4f3fa3d2379d057027e53c","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"e8f69799810c32dd40c6724d829eccc70baad07f","lessThan":"feb474ddbf26b51f462ae2e60a12013bdcfc5407","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"e8f69799810c32dd40c6724d829eccc70baad07f","lessThan":"c65f27b9c3be2269918e1cbad6d8884741f835c5","status":"affected","versionType":"git"}]},{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/tls/tls_device.c"],"versions":[{"version":"4.18","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","lessThan":"4.18","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.199","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.161","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.121","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.66","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.17.3","lessThanOrEqual":"6.17.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.18","lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.18","versionEndExcluding":"5.15.199"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.18","versionEndExcluding":"6.1.161"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.18","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.121"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.18","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.66"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.18","versionEndExcluding":"6.17.3"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.18","versionEndExcluding":"6.18"}]}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b1bef126bbb8d0da51491357559126d567c1dee"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e37ca0092ddace60833790b4ad7a390408fb1be9"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/13159c7125636371543a82cb7bbae00ab36730cc"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f09cd209359a23f88d4f3fa3d2379d057027e53c"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/feb474ddbf26b51f462ae2e60a12013bdcfc5407"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c65f27b9c3be2269918e1cbad6d8884741f835c5"}],"title":"tls: Use __sk_dst_get() and dst_dev_rcu() in get_netdev_for_sock().","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}},"adp":[{"x_adpType":"supplier","providerMetadata":{"orgId":"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e","shortName":"siemens-SADP","dateUpdated":"2026-07-14T12:43:24.015Z"},"affected":[{"vendor":"Siemens","product":"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"V3.1.6","lessThan":"*","versionType":"custom"}],"defaultStatus":"unknown"},{"vendor":"Siemens","product":"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"V3.1.6","lessThan":"*","versionType":"custom"}],"defaultStatus":"unknown"},{"vendor":"Siemens","product":"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"V3.1.6","lessThan":"*","versionType":"custom"}],"defaultStatus":"unknown"},{"vendor":"Siemens","product":"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"V3.1.6","lessThan":"*","versionType":"custom"}],"defaultStatus":"unknown"},{"vendor":"Siemens","product":"SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"V3.1.6","lessThan":"*","versionType":"custom"}],"defaultStatus":"unknown"}],"references":[{"url":"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html"}]}]}}