{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-40120","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"Linux","dateReserved":"2025-04-16T07:20:57.169Z","datePublished":"2025-11-12T10:23:18.726Z","dateUpdated":"2026-05-11T21:43:02.326Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux","dateUpdated":"2026-05-11T21:43:02.326Z"},"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: usb: asix: hold PM usage ref to avoid PM/MDIO + RTNL deadlock\n\nPrevent USB runtime PM (autosuspend) for AX88772* in bind.\n\nusbnet enables runtime PM (autosuspend) by default, so disabling it via\nthe usb_driver flag is ineffective. On AX88772B, autosuspend shows no\nmeasurable power saving with current driver (no link partner, admin\nup/down). The ~0.453 W -> ~0.248 W drop on v6.1 comes from phylib powering\nthe PHY off on admin-down, not from USB autosuspend.\n\nThe real hazard is that with runtime PM enabled, ndo_open() (under RTNL)\nmay synchronously trigger autoresume (usb_autopm_get_interface()) into\nasix_resume() while the USB PM lock is held. Resume paths then invoke\nphylink/phylib and MDIO, which also expect RTNL, leading to possible\ndeadlocks or PM lock vs MDIO wake issues.\n\nTo avoid this, keep the device runtime-PM active by taking a usage\nreference in ax88772_bind() and dropping it in unbind(). A non-zero PM\nusage count blocks runtime suspend regardless of userspace policy\n(.../power/control - pm_runtime_allow/forbid), making this approach\nrobust against sysfs overrides.\n\nHolding a runtime-PM usage ref does not affect system-wide suspend;\nsystem sleep/resume callbacks continue to run as before."}],"affected":[{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/net/usb/asix_devices.c"],"versions":[{"version":"4a2c7217cd5a87e85ceb761e307b030fe6db4805","lessThan":"71a0ba7fdaf8d035426912a4ed7bf1738a81010c","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"4a2c7217cd5a87e85ceb761e307b030fe6db4805","lessThan":"3e96cd27ff1a004d84908c1b6cc68ac60913874e","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"4a2c7217cd5a87e85ceb761e307b030fe6db4805","lessThan":"724a9db84188f80ef60b1f21cc7b4e9c84e0cb64","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"4a2c7217cd5a87e85ceb761e307b030fe6db4805","lessThan":"1534517300e12f2930b6ff477b8820ff658afd11","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"4a2c7217cd5a87e85ceb761e307b030fe6db4805","lessThan":"9d8bcaf6fae1bd82bc27ec09a2694497e6f6c4b4","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"4a2c7217cd5a87e85ceb761e307b030fe6db4805","lessThan":"3d3c4cd5c62f24bb3cb4511b7a95df707635e00a","status":"affected","versionType":"git"}]},{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/net/usb/asix_devices.c"],"versions":[{"version":"5.14","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","lessThan":"5.14","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.195","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.156","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.112","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.53","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.17.3","lessThanOrEqual":"6.17.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.18","lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.14","versionEndExcluding":"5.15.195"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.14","versionEndExcluding":"6.1.156"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.14","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.112"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.14","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.53"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.14","versionEndExcluding":"6.17.3"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.14","versionEndExcluding":"6.18"}]}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/71a0ba7fdaf8d035426912a4ed7bf1738a81010c"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3e96cd27ff1a004d84908c1b6cc68ac60913874e"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/724a9db84188f80ef60b1f21cc7b4e9c84e0cb64"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1534517300e12f2930b6ff477b8820ff658afd11"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9d8bcaf6fae1bd82bc27ec09a2694497e6f6c4b4"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3d3c4cd5c62f24bb3cb4511b7a95df707635e00a"}],"title":"net: usb: asix: hold PM usage ref to avoid PM/MDIO + RTNL deadlock","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}}}