{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-40095","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"Linux","dateReserved":"2025-04-16T07:20:57.163Z","datePublished":"2025-10-30T09:48:03.276Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T12:07:46.524Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T12:07:46.524Z"},"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nusb: gadget: f_rndis: Refactor bind path to use __free()\n\nAfter an bind/unbind cycle, the rndis->notify_req is left stale. If a\nsubsequent bind fails, the unified error label attempts to free this\nstale request, leading to a NULL pointer dereference when accessing\nep->ops->free_request.\n\nRefactor the error handling in the bind path to use the __free()\nautomatic cleanup mechanism."}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:L - The vulnerable path is the gadget bind/unbind sequence driven entirely by local writes to `/sys/kernel/config/usb_gadget/<g>/UDC` (or legacy gadget module load); no USB traffic from an attached host is involved, so this is a local syscall/filesystem-reachable bug rather than a physical-access one.\nAC:L - The attacker controls every step — the successful bind, the unbind that leaves `rndis->notify_req` dangling, and the forced failure of the next bind (e.g. exhausting `usb_interface_id()`/`usb_ep_autoconfig()` by reshaping a functionfs function between cycles), plus the heap spray that reclaims the freed `usb_request`.\nPR:L - Only local write access to the USB gadget configfs tree is needed, which on Android and embedded/industrial deployments is routinely delegated to non-root system/daemon accounts that drive USB function switching; no capability check exists in the bind path itself.\nUI:N - The attacker performs all configfs writes itself; no victim action, cable plug event, or interaction with any other user is required.\nS:U - The dangling-pointer free corrupts kernel heap state within the same kernel security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - Use of the freed `usb_request` reads `->buf` out of reclaimed slab memory the attacker can groom, and the resulting arbitrary-free/double-free primitives enable object overlap and kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - `kfree()` of an attacker-controlled pointer read from the freed request, plus a double free through `ep->ops->free_request`, yields classic heap-corruption primitives that can be leveraged into arbitrary write and privilege escalation.\nA:H - The immediate observed effect is a kernel oops — NULL/garbage `ep->ops` dereference in `usb_ep_free_request()` or slab corruption from the double free — panicking the system."}]}],"affected":[{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_rndis.c"],"versions":[{"version":"45fe3b8e5342cd1ce307099459c74011d8e01986","lessThan":"ef81226bb1f8b6e761cd0b53d2696e9c1bc955d1","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"45fe3b8e5342cd1ce307099459c74011d8e01986","lessThan":"5f65c8ad8c7292ed7e3716343fcd590a51818cc3","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"45fe3b8e5342cd1ce307099459c74011d8e01986","lessThan":"380353c3a92be7d928e6f973bd065c5b79755ac3","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"45fe3b8e5342cd1ce307099459c74011d8e01986","lessThan":"a8366263b7e5b663d7fb489d3a9ba1e2600049a6","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"45fe3b8e5342cd1ce307099459c74011d8e01986","lessThan":"08228941436047bdcd35a612c1aec0912a29d8cd","status":"affected","versionType":"git"}]},{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_rndis.c"],"versions":[{"version":"2.6.27","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","lessThan":"2.6.27","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.158","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.114","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.55","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.17.5","lessThanOrEqual":"6.17.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.18","lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"2.6.27","versionEndExcluding":"6.1.158"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"2.6.27","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.114"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"2.6.27","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.55"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"2.6.27","versionEndExcluding":"6.17.5"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"2.6.27","versionEndExcluding":"6.18"}]}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef81226bb1f8b6e761cd0b53d2696e9c1bc955d1"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5f65c8ad8c7292ed7e3716343fcd590a51818cc3"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/380353c3a92be7d928e6f973bd065c5b79755ac3"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a8366263b7e5b663d7fb489d3a9ba1e2600049a6"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/08228941436047bdcd35a612c1aec0912a29d8cd"}],"title":"usb: gadget: f_rndis: Refactor bind path to use __free()","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}}}