{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-22087","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"Linux","dateReserved":"2024-12-29T08:45:45.817Z","datePublished":"2025-04-16T14:12:35.359Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T11:56:41.027Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T11:56:41.027Z"},"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Fix array bounds error with may_goto\n\nmay_goto uses an additional 8 bytes on the stack, which causes the\ninterpreters[] array to go out of bounds when calculating index by\nstack_size.\n\n1. If a BPF program is rewritten, re-evaluate the stack size. For non-JIT\ncases, reject loading directly.\n\n2. For non-JIT cases, calculating interpreters[idx] may still cause\nout-of-bounds array access, and just warn about it.\n\n3. For jit_requested cases, the execution of bpf_func also needs to be\nwarned. So move the definition of function __bpf_prog_ret0_warn out of\nthe macro definition CONFIG_BPF_JIT_ALWAYS_ON."}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:L - The vulnerability is reached through the `bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD)` syscall and triggered by running the loaded program (e.g. via `SO_ATTACH_BPF` on a local socket). No network-facing service parses attacker data to reach this code.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls both inputs to the faulty index computation — a program that uses exactly 512 bytes of stack plus a single `may_goto` instruction deterministically yields `interpreters[16]` on every attempt. No race, timing, or uncontrolled memory-layout condition is involved.\nPR:L - Loading a BPF program requires only an unprivileged local account on systems where `kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled=0` (socket-filter/cgroup_skb types load without CAP_BPF), and `may_goto` has no additional capability gate in the verifier. No root or administrative privilege is needed.\nUI:N - The attacker loads and triggers the BPF program entirely on their own; no victim action, mount, or file open is required.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds access and the resulting corrupted control flow are confined to the kernel's own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - An out-of-bounds read past `interpreters[]` yields a function pointer that is then invoked, causing the BPF interpreter to execute uncontrolled memory as bytecode with unbounded `BPF_LDX` loads, which can be leveraged to disclose arbitrary kernel memory.\nI:H - The wrongly-typed indirect call runs `___bpf_prog_run()` over an uninitialized instruction pointer, so `BPF_STX`/`BPF_ST` stores and `BPF_CALL` dispatches operate on unvalidated addresses — a memory-corruption and control-flow-hijack primitive.\nA:H - In the common case the bogus interpreter entry hits `BUG_ON(1)` on an unknown opcode or faults on a wild pointer, producing a kernel oops/panic that any local user can trigger on demand."}]}],"affected":[{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["kernel/bpf/core.c","kernel/bpf/verifier.c"],"versions":[{"version":"011832b97b311bb9e3c27945bc0d1089a14209c9","lessThan":"19e6817f84000d0b06f09fd69ebd56217842c122","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"011832b97b311bb9e3c27945bc0d1089a14209c9","lessThan":"4524b7febdd55fb99ae2e1f48db64019fa69e643","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"011832b97b311bb9e3c27945bc0d1089a14209c9","lessThan":"1a86ae57b2600e5749f5f674e9d4296ac00c69a8","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"011832b97b311bb9e3c27945bc0d1089a14209c9","lessThan":"6ebc5030e0c5a698f1dd9a6684cddf6ccaed64a0","status":"affected","versionType":"git"}]},{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["kernel/bpf/core.c","kernel/bpf/verifier.c"],"versions":[{"version":"6.9","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","lessThan":"6.9","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.23","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.13.11","lessThanOrEqual":"6.13.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.14.2","lessThanOrEqual":"6.14.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.15","lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.9","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.23"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.9","versionEndExcluding":"6.13.11"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.9","versionEndExcluding":"6.14.2"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.9","versionEndExcluding":"6.15"}]}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/19e6817f84000d0b06f09fd69ebd56217842c122"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4524b7febdd55fb99ae2e1f48db64019fa69e643"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1a86ae57b2600e5749f5f674e9d4296ac00c69a8"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ebc5030e0c5a698f1dd9a6684cddf6ccaed64a0"}],"title":"bpf: Fix array bounds error with may_goto","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}}}