{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2024-58237","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"Linux","dateReserved":"2025-04-16T07:19:43.804Z","datePublished":"2025-05-05T14:53:34.153Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T11:47:47.022Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T11:47:47.022Z"},"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: consider that tail calls invalidate packet pointers\n\nTail-called programs could execute any of the helpers that invalidate\npacket pointers. Hence, conservatively assume that each tail call\ninvalidates packet pointers.\n\nMaking the change in bpf_helper_changes_pkt_data() automatically makes\nuse of check_cfg() logic that computes 'changes_pkt_data' effect for\nglobal sub-programs, such that the following program could be\nrejected:\n\n    int tail_call(struct __sk_buff *sk)\n    {\n    \tbpf_tail_call_static(sk, &jmp_table, 0);\n    \treturn 0;\n    }\n\n    SEC(\"tc\")\n    int not_safe(struct __sk_buff *sk)\n    {\n    \tint *p = (void *)(long)sk->data;\n    \t... make p valid ...\n    \ttail_call(sk);\n    \t*p = 42; /* this is unsafe */\n    \t...\n    }\n\nThe tc_bpf2bpf.c:subprog_tc() needs change: mark it as a function that\ncan invalidate packet pointers. Otherwise, it can't be freplaced with\ntailcall_freplace.c:entry_freplace() that does a tail call."}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:L - The vulnerability is a BPF verifier flaw triggered by loading a crafted eBPF program through the bpf() syscall; the resulting memory corruption occurs during local packet processing controlled by the attacker, requiring local access.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls the malicious program, its subprogram/tail-call structure, and the heap grooming, so acceptance by the buggy verifier and the subsequent stale-pointer dereference are fully reliable with no attacker-uncontrolled conditions.\nPR:L - Reaching the flaw requires loading a packet-processing eBPF program (e.g., SCHED_CLS/tc) which needs the CAP_BPF/CAP_NET_ADMIN privilege over the BPF subsystem — a limited, delegatable privilege over the component rather than full root.\nUI:N - The attacker loads, attaches, and triggers the malicious program entirely on their own; no action by any other user is required.\nS:U - The verifier bypass corrupts kernel heap memory within the kernel's own security authority; there is no crossing into a different security scope such as a VM or IOMMU boundary.\nC:H - The stale packet pointer permits out-of-bounds reads of reallocated/adjacent kernel heap memory, allowing disclosure of sensitive kernel data.\nI:H - The verifier accepts a program that writes through a stale packet pointer (`*p = 42`), giving a controlled out-of-bounds write to kernel heap memory that can be leveraged into an arbitrary-write/control-flow-hijack primitive.\nA:H - Out-of-bounds reads/writes on reallocated kernel heap memory readily cause kernel memory corruption and panic/oops."}]}],"affected":[{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/core/filter.c","tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/tc_bpf2bpf.c"],"versions":[{"version":"51c39bb1d5d105a02e29aa7960f0a395086e6342","lessThan":"f1692ee23dcaaddc24ba407b269707ee5df1301f","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"51c39bb1d5d105a02e29aa7960f0a395086e6342","lessThan":"1c2244437f9ad3dd91215f920401a14f2542dbfc","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"51c39bb1d5d105a02e29aa7960f0a395086e6342","lessThan":"1a4607ffba35bf2a630aab299e34dd3f6e658d70","status":"affected","versionType":"git"}]},{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/core/filter.c","tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/tc_bpf2bpf.c"],"versions":[{"version":"5.6","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","lessThan":"5.6","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.90","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.9","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.13","lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.6","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.90"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.6","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.9"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.6","versionEndExcluding":"6.13"}]}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f1692ee23dcaaddc24ba407b269707ee5df1301f"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c2244437f9ad3dd91215f920401a14f2542dbfc"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1a4607ffba35bf2a630aab299e34dd3f6e658d70"}],"title":"bpf: consider that tail calls invalidate packet pointers","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}}}