{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2024-57982","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"Linux","dateReserved":"2025-02-27T02:04:28.913Z","datePublished":"2025-02-27T02:07:08.169Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T11:47:08.401Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T11:47:08.401Z"},"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: state: fix out-of-bounds read during lookup\n\nlookup and resize can run in parallel.\n\nThe xfrm_state_hash_generation seqlock ensures a retry, but the hash\nfunctions can observe a hmask value that is too large for the new hlist\narray.\n\nrehash does:\n  rcu_assign_pointer(net->xfrm.state_bydst, ndst) [..]\n  net->xfrm.state_hmask = nhashmask;\n\nWhile state lookup does:\n  h = xfrm_dst_hash(net, daddr, saddr, tmpl->reqid, encap_family);\n  hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(x, net->xfrm.state_bydst + h, bydst) {\n\nThis is only safe in case the update to state_bydst is larger than\nnet->xfrm.xfrm_state_hmask (or if the lookup function gets\nserialized via state spinlock again).\n\nFix this by prefetching state_hmask and the associated pointers.\nThe xfrm_state_hash_generation seqlock retry will ensure that the pointer\nand the hmask will be consistent.\n\nThe existing helpers, like xfrm_dst_hash(), are now unsafe for RCU side,\nadd lockdep assertions to document that they are only safe for insert\nside.\n\nxfrm_state_lookup_byaddr() uses the spinlock rather than RCU.\nAFAICS this is an oversight from back when state lookup was converted to\nRCU, this lock should be replaced with RCU in a future patch."}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:L - The race is reliably driven locally: XFRM netlink (`XFRM_MSG_NEWSA` to force `xfrm_hash_resize()`, `XFRM_MSG_GETSA` to drive concurrent lookups) is reachable from an unprivileged user's own network namespace, where the xfrm state hash tables are per-netns. Although the lookup is also hit by unauthenticated remote ESP/AH packets via `xfrm_input_state_lookup()`, a remote attacker cannot schedule the racing resize, so the local vector is the exploitable one.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race — inserting SAs to schedule `xfrm_hash_resize()` on one CPU while issuing lookups with attacker-chosen spi/daddr on another — and can repeat indefinitely by creating fresh network namespaces, each yielding a new sequence of doubling resizes. syzbot reproduced this from ordinary syscalls.\nPR:L - `xfrm_user_rcv_msg()` requires `netlink_net_capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN)`, which resolves to `ns_capable(net->user_ns, CAP_NET_ADMIN)` and is therefore satisfied by any unprivileged user after `unshare -Urn`. No real root in the initial namespace is needed.\nUI:N - The attacker triggers both the hash resize and the concurrent state lookup entirely from their own threads; no victim action or cooperation is involved.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds access and any resulting corruption stay within the kernel's own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The stale-table/new-mask mismatch reads up to a full table length past the allocation, and the OOB slot is dereferenced as an `hlist_node` and `container_of()`'d into a `struct xfrm_state`, so adjacent slab contents the attacker can groom become a fake-object pointer, yielding reads at attacker-influenced kernel addresses rather than a bounded few-byte leak.\nI:H - The bogus state pointer reaches `refcount_inc_not_zero(&x->refcnt)`, an increment write at an attacker-influenced address, and a fabricated `xfrm_state` returned to `xfrm_input()`/`xfrm_state_find()` is then used for IPsec processing — both usable to corrupt kernel state and pursue control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Walking a garbage hlist pointer read past the end of the hash table dereferences a wild address, producing an oops or panic; with larger page-order tables the OOB read can also fault into unmapped memory."}]}],"affected":[{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c"],"versions":[{"version":"c2f672fc94642bae96821a393f342edcfa9794a6","lessThan":"b86dc510308d7a8955f3f47a4fea4bef887653e4","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c2f672fc94642bae96821a393f342edcfa9794a6","lessThan":"a16871c7832ea6435abb6e0b58289ae7dcb7e4fc","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c2f672fc94642bae96821a393f342edcfa9794a6","lessThan":"dd4c2a174994238d55ab54da2545543d36f4e0d0","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c2f672fc94642bae96821a393f342edcfa9794a6","lessThan":"e952837f3ddb0ff726d5b582aa1aad9aa38d024d","status":"affected","versionType":"git"}]},{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c"],"versions":[{"version":"4.9","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","lessThan":"4.9","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.120","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.13","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.13.2","lessThanOrEqual":"6.13.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.14","lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.9","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.120"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.9","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.13"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.9","versionEndExcluding":"6.13.2"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.9","versionEndExcluding":"6.14"}]}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b86dc510308d7a8955f3f47a4fea4bef887653e4"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a16871c7832ea6435abb6e0b58289ae7dcb7e4fc"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dd4c2a174994238d55ab54da2545543d36f4e0d0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e952837f3ddb0ff726d5b582aa1aad9aa38d024d"}],"title":"xfrm: state: fix out-of-bounds read during lookup","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}},"adp":[{"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"scope":"UNCHANGED","version":"3.1","baseScore":7.1,"attackVector":"LOCAL","baseSeverity":"HIGH","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H","integrityImpact":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","attackComplexity":"LOW","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"LOW","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH"}},{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"id":"CVE-2024-57982","role":"CISA Coordinator","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"version":"2.0.3","timestamp":"2025-10-01T19:31:46.705139Z"}}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","type":"CWE","cweId":"CWE-125","description":"CWE-125 Out-of-bounds Read"}]}],"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","providerMetadata":{"orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","shortName":"CISA-ADP","dateUpdated":"2025-10-01T19:36:43.400Z"}}]}}