{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2024-47742","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"Linux","dateReserved":"2024-09-30T16:00:12.959Z","datePublished":"2024-10-21T12:14:10.499Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T11:39:52.866Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T11:39:52.866Z"},"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfirmware_loader: Block path traversal\n\nMost firmware names are hardcoded strings, or are constructed from fairly\nconstrained format strings where the dynamic parts are just some hex\nnumbers or such.\n\nHowever, there are a couple codepaths in the kernel where firmware file\nnames contain string components that are passed through from a device or\nsemi-privileged userspace; the ones I could find (not counting interfaces\nthat require root privileges) are:\n\n - lpfc_sli4_request_firmware_update() seems to construct the firmware\n   filename from \"ModelName\", a string that was previously parsed out of\n   some descriptor (\"Vital Product Data\") in lpfc_fill_vpd()\n - nfp_net_fw_find() seems to construct a firmware filename from a model\n   name coming from nfp_hwinfo_lookup(pf->hwinfo, \"nffw.partno\"), which I\n   think parses some descriptor that was read from the device.\n   (But this case likely isn't exploitable because the format string looks\n   like \"netronome/nic_%s\", and there shouldn't be any *folders* starting\n   with \"netronome/nic_\". The previous case was different because there,\n   the \"%s\" is *at the start* of the format string.)\n - module_flash_fw_schedule() is reachable from the\n   ETHTOOL_MSG_MODULE_FW_FLASH_ACT netlink command, which is marked as\n   GENL_UNS_ADMIN_PERM (meaning CAP_NET_ADMIN inside a user namespace is\n   enough to pass the privilege check), and takes a userspace-provided\n   firmware name.\n   (But I think to reach this case, you need to have CAP_NET_ADMIN over a\n   network namespace that a special kind of ethernet device is mapped into,\n   so I think this is not a viable attack path in practice.)\n\nFix it by rejecting any firmware names containing \"..\" path components.\n\nFor what it's worth, I went looking and haven't found any USB device\ndrivers that use the firmware loader dangerously."}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:L - The most viable attacker-triggerable path is the local ETHTOOL_MSG_MODULE_FW_FLASH_ACT generic-netlink command, which passes a fully attacker-controlled filename string into request_firmware_direct(); the device-side paths (lpfc VPD, nfp hwinfo) would only be Physical, so Local is the higher-severity reachable vector.\nAC:L - There is no race, no memory-layout dependency, and no probabilistic element — the attacker supplies the \"..\" path directly and traversal succeeds deterministically on the first attempt.\nPR:L - The ethtool op is marked GENL_UNS_ADMIN_PERM, meaning CAP_NET_ADMIN inside a user namespace satisfies the check, which per kernel scoring practice is an unprivileged local user; the alternative lpfc path needs no host credentials at all, only a device supplying a malicious VPD ModelName string.\nUI:N - The attacker sends the netlink request itself and the firmware load happens synchronously in that syscall; no victim action is required (and on the lpfc path the load fires automatically from the driver's probe/init routine).\nS:U - The vulnerable component and the impacted resources are both the host kernel and its filesystem — there is no VM, hypervisor, or IOMMU boundary crossed, so this is standard in-kernel impact.\nC:H - _request_firmware() reads the target with kernel credentials (override_creds(prepare_kernel_cred(&init_task))) resolved against init's mount namespace, so traversal yields an arbitrary root-privileged read of any file on the host (/etc/shadow, TLS/SSH private keys), and the contents are then shipped into device flash where an attacker controlling the HBA or transceiver can retrieve them.\nI:H - The traversal breaks the firmware loader's guarantee that images come only from root-owned /lib/firmware, letting the attacker redirect the load to a file they wrote themselves and have that unvalidated content flashed into device firmware (lpfc_wr_object / CMIS module update) as well as parsed by driver firmware-parsing code that trusts its input.\nA:H - Writing non-firmware or attacker-authored content into an HBA's or optical module's flash can permanently brick the adapter, driver firmware parsers readily oops on arbitrary non-firmware data, and kernel_read_file() vmalloc()s the entire target file (up to INT_MAX) so pointing at a multi-gigabyte file drives the machine into memory exhaustion."}]}],"affected":[{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c"],"versions":[{"version":"abb139e75c2cdbb955e840d6331cb5863e409d0e","lessThan":"d1768e5535d3ded59f888637016e6f821f4e069f","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"abb139e75c2cdbb955e840d6331cb5863e409d0e","lessThan":"9b1ca33ebd05b3acef5b976c04e5e791af93ce1b","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"abb139e75c2cdbb955e840d6331cb5863e409d0e","lessThan":"c30558e6c5c9ad6c86459d9acce1520ceeab9ea6","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"abb139e75c2cdbb955e840d6331cb5863e409d0e","lessThan":"a77fc4acfd49fc6076e565445b2bc5fdc3244da4","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"abb139e75c2cdbb955e840d6331cb5863e409d0e","lessThan":"3d2411f4edcb649eaf232160db459bb4770b5251","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"abb139e75c2cdbb955e840d6331cb5863e409d0e","lessThan":"7420c1bf7fc784e587b87329cc6dfa3dca537aa4","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"abb139e75c2cdbb955e840d6331cb5863e409d0e","lessThan":"28f1cd94d3f1092728fb775a0fe26c5f1ac2ebeb","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"abb139e75c2cdbb955e840d6331cb5863e409d0e","lessThan":"6c4e13fdfcab34811c3143a0a03c05fec4e870ec","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"abb139e75c2cdbb955e840d6331cb5863e409d0e","lessThan":"f0e5311aa8022107d63c54e2f03684ec097d1394","status":"affected","versionType":"git"}]},{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c"],"versions":[{"version":"3.7","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","lessThan":"3.7","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.19.323","lessThanOrEqual":"4.19.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.4.285","lessThanOrEqual":"5.4.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.10.227","lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.168","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.113","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.54","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.10.13","lessThanOrEqual":"6.10.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.11.2","lessThanOrEqual":"6.11.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12","lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.7","versionEndExcluding":"4.19.323"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.7","versionEndExcluding":"5.4.285"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.7","versionEndExcluding":"5.10.227"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.7","versionEndExcluding":"5.15.168"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.7","versionEndExcluding":"6.1.113"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.7","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.54"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.7","versionEndExcluding":"6.10.13"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.7","versionEndExcluding":"6.11.2"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.7","versionEndExcluding":"6.12"}]}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d1768e5535d3ded59f888637016e6f821f4e069f"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9b1ca33ebd05b3acef5b976c04e5e791af93ce1b"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c30558e6c5c9ad6c86459d9acce1520ceeab9ea6"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a77fc4acfd49fc6076e565445b2bc5fdc3244da4"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3d2411f4edcb649eaf232160db459bb4770b5251"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7420c1bf7fc784e587b87329cc6dfa3dca537aa4"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/28f1cd94d3f1092728fb775a0fe26c5f1ac2ebeb"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c4e13fdfcab34811c3143a0a03c05fec4e870ec"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f0e5311aa8022107d63c54e2f03684ec097d1394"}],"title":"firmware_loader: Block path traversal","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}},"adp":[{"metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"id":"CVE-2024-47742","role":"CISA Coordinator","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"version":"2.0.3","timestamp":"2024-10-21T12:59:04.060717Z"}}}],"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","providerMetadata":{"orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","shortName":"CISA-ADP","dateUpdated":"2024-10-21T13:04:14.368Z"}},{"title":"CVE Program Container","references":[{"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00002.html"},{"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/01/msg00001.html"}],"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108","shortName":"CVE","dateUpdated":"2025-11-03T22:21:38.407Z"}}]}}