{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2023-53445","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"Linux","dateReserved":"2025-09-17T14:54:09.753Z","datePublished":"2025-09-18T16:04:21.257Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T09:14:09.277Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T09:14:09.277Z"},"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: qrtr: Fix a refcount bug in qrtr_recvmsg()\n\nSyzbot reported a bug as following:\n\nrefcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\n...\nRIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x17c/0x1f0 lib/refcount.c:25\n...\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:199 [inline]\n __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:250 [inline]\n refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:267 [inline]\n kref_get include/linux/kref.h:45 [inline]\n qrtr_node_acquire net/qrtr/af_qrtr.c:202 [inline]\n qrtr_node_lookup net/qrtr/af_qrtr.c:398 [inline]\n qrtr_send_resume_tx net/qrtr/af_qrtr.c:1003 [inline]\n qrtr_recvmsg+0x85f/0x990 net/qrtr/af_qrtr.c:1070\n sock_recvmsg_nosec net/socket.c:1017 [inline]\n sock_recvmsg+0xe2/0x160 net/socket.c:1038\n qrtr_ns_worker+0x170/0x1700 net/qrtr/ns.c:688\n process_one_work+0x991/0x15c0 kernel/workqueue.c:2390\n worker_thread+0x669/0x1090 kernel/workqueue.c:2537\n\nIt occurs in the concurrent scenario of qrtr_recvmsg() and\nqrtr_endpoint_unregister() as following:\n\n\tcpu0\t\t\t\t\tcpu1\nqrtr_recvmsg\t\t\t\tqrtr_endpoint_unregister\nqrtr_send_resume_tx\t\t\tqrtr_node_release\nqrtr_node_lookup\t\t\tmutex_lock(&qrtr_node_lock)\nspin_lock_irqsave(&qrtr_nodes_lock, )\trefcount_dec_and_test(&node->ref) [node->ref == 0]\nradix_tree_lookup [node != NULL]\t__qrtr_node_release\nqrtr_node_acquire\t\t\tspin_lock_irqsave(&qrtr_nodes_lock, )\nkref_get(&node->ref) [WARNING]\t\t...\n\t\t\t\t\tmutex_unlock(&qrtr_node_lock)\n\nUse qrtr_node_lock to protect qrtr_node_lookup() implementation, this\nis actually improving the protection of node reference."}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:L - Exploitation requires local syscall access — `recvmsg()` on an `AF_QIPCRTR` socket concurrent with `close()`/`write()` on the `/dev/qrtr-tun` character device. No remote peer can reach `qrtr_node_lookup()` without a local endpoint being torn down.\nAC:L - Although this is a race, the attacker controls both sides: one thread loops on `recvmsg()` of a self-injected packet with `confirm_rx` set while another closes the qrtr-tun fd, and the `GFP_KERNEL` allocation inside `qrtr_send_resume_tx()` sleeps, widening the free-to-use window so reclaim is reliable.\nPR:L - No capability check exists on the path (`qrtr_create()` and `qrtr_tun_open()` perform none); access depends only on permissions of `/dev/qrtr-tun`, which on the Qualcomm Android/embedded/automotive platforms that ship QRTR is available to unprivileged radio/qrtr service domains.\nUI:N - The attacker drives both the socket receive and the endpoint teardown from its own threads; no victim action of any kind is needed.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel heap objects within the same security authority; there is no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - This is a genuine use-after-free on `struct qrtr_node` — the freed object is reallocated and its contents (including `node->ep`, `node->nid`, and the `qrtr_tx_flow` radix tree) are read back, giving an attacker who sprays the slab a kernel-memory disclosure primitive.\nI:H - After the free the code writes into the freed object (`mutex_lock(&node->ep_lock)`, `mutex_lock(&node->qrtr_tx_lock)`, radix-tree insertion) and performs an indirect call `node->ep->xmit(node->ep, skb)` through a freed function pointer, plus a `kref_put` on freed memory — a control-flow-hijack and arbitrary-write primitive.\nA:H - Even unexploited, the bug produces a `refcount_t` saturation WARN (fatal under `panic_on_warn`) followed by use of freed memory, mutex operations on freed locks, and a double free — reliably oopsing or panicking the kernel, and it can be triggered repeatedly."}]}],"affected":[{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/qrtr/af_qrtr.c"],"versions":[{"version":"0a7e0d0ef05440db03c3199e84d228db943b237f","lessThan":"98a9cd82c541ef6cbdb829cd6c05cbbb471e373c","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"0a7e0d0ef05440db03c3199e84d228db943b237f","lessThan":"b9ba5906c42089f8e1d0001b7b50a7940f086cbb","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"0a7e0d0ef05440db03c3199e84d228db943b237f","lessThan":"aa95efa187b4114075f312b3c4680d050b56fdec","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"0a7e0d0ef05440db03c3199e84d228db943b237f","lessThan":"48a07f6e00d305597396da4d7494b81cec05b9d3","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"0a7e0d0ef05440db03c3199e84d228db943b237f","lessThan":"44d807320000db0d0013372ad39b53e12d52f758","status":"affected","versionType":"git"}]},{"product":"Linux","vendor":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/qrtr/af_qrtr.c"],"versions":[{"version":"5.6","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","lessThan":"5.6","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.10.178","lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.107","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.24","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.2.11","lessThanOrEqual":"6.2.*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.3","lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.6","versionEndExcluding":"5.10.178"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.6","versionEndExcluding":"5.15.107"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.6","versionEndExcluding":"6.1.24"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.6","versionEndExcluding":"6.2.11"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.6","versionEndExcluding":"6.3"}]}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98a9cd82c541ef6cbdb829cd6c05cbbb471e373c"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b9ba5906c42089f8e1d0001b7b50a7940f086cbb"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aa95efa187b4114075f312b3c4680d050b56fdec"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/48a07f6e00d305597396da4d7494b81cec05b9d3"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/44d807320000db0d0013372ad39b53e12d52f758"}],"title":"net: qrtr: Fix a refcount bug in qrtr_recvmsg()","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}},"adp":[{"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"scope":"UNCHANGED","version":"3.1","baseScore":5.5,"attackVector":"LOCAL","baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","integrityImpact":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","attackComplexity":"LOW","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"LOW","confidentialityImpact":"NONE"}},{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"id":"CVE-2023-53445","role":"CISA Coordinator","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"version":"2.0.3","timestamp":"2026-01-14T19:19:20.517800Z"}}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","type":"CWE","description":"CWE-noinfo Not enough information"}]}],"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","providerMetadata":{"orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","shortName":"CISA-ADP","dateUpdated":"2026-01-14T19:23:11.519Z"}}]}}