{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.1","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2023-34459","assignerOrgId":"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"GitHub_M","dateReserved":"2023-06-06T16:16:53.559Z","datePublished":"2023-06-16T22:13:18.181Z","dateUpdated":"2024-12-16T18:35:27.231Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"OpenZeppelin Contracts's MerkleProof multiproofs may allow proving arbitrary leaves for specific trees","problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-354","lang":"en","description":"CWE-354: Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value","type":"CWE"}]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"HIGH","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":5.3,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"LOW","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","version":"3.1"}}],"references":[{"name":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/security/advisories/GHSA-wprv-93r4-jj2p","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM"],"url":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/security/advisories/GHSA-wprv-93r4-jj2p"},{"name":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/commit/4d2383e17186be3e8ccf5a442e9686ecc7de1c55","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"],"url":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/commit/4d2383e17186be3e8ccf5a442e9686ecc7de1c55"},{"name":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.9.2","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"],"url":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.9.2"}],"affected":[{"vendor":"OpenZeppelin","product":"openzeppelin-contracts","versions":[{"version":">= 4.7.0, < 4.9.2","status":"affected"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa","shortName":"GitHub_M","dateUpdated":"2023-06-16T22:13:18.181Z"},"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for smart contract development. Starting in version 4.7.0 and prior to version 4.9.2, when the `verifyMultiProof`, `verifyMultiProofCalldata`, `procesprocessMultiProof`, or `processMultiProofCalldat` functions are in use, it is possible to construct merkle trees that allow forging a valid multiproof for an arbitrary set of leaves.\n\nA contract may be vulnerable if it uses multiproofs for verification and the merkle tree that is processed includes a node with value 0 at depth 1 (just under the root). This could happen inadvertedly for balanced trees with 3 leaves or less, if the leaves are not hashed. This could happen deliberately if a malicious tree builder includes such a node in the tree.\n\nA contract is not vulnerable if it uses single-leaf proving (`verify`, `verifyCalldata`, `processProof`, or `processProofCalldata`), or if it uses multiproofs with a known tree that has hashed leaves. Standard merkle trees produced or validated with the @openzeppelin/merkle-tree library are safe.\n\nThe problem has been patched in version 4.9.2.\n\nSome workarounds are available. For those using multiproofs: When constructing merkle trees hash the leaves and do not insert empty nodes in your trees. Using the @openzeppelin/merkle-tree package eliminates this issue. Do not accept user-provided merkle roots without reconstructing at least the first level of the tree. Verify the merkle tree structure by reconstructing it from the leaves."}],"source":{"advisory":"GHSA-wprv-93r4-jj2p","discovery":"UNKNOWN"}},"adp":[{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108","shortName":"CVE","dateUpdated":"2024-08-02T16:10:07.202Z"},"title":"CVE Program Container","references":[{"name":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/security/advisories/GHSA-wprv-93r4-jj2p","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred"],"url":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/security/advisories/GHSA-wprv-93r4-jj2p"},{"name":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/commit/4d2383e17186be3e8ccf5a442e9686ecc7de1c55","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred"],"url":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/commit/4d2383e17186be3e8ccf5a442e9686ecc7de1c55"},{"name":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.9.2","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred"],"url":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.9.2"}]},{"metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2024-12-16T18:35:10.825557Z","id":"CVE-2023-34459","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","providerMetadata":{"orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","shortName":"CISA-ADP","dateUpdated":"2024-12-16T18:35:27.231Z"}}]}}