{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2019-25781","assignerOrgId":"83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10","state":"PUBLISHED","assignerShortName":"VulnCheck","dateReserved":"2026-10-29T11:51:49.648Z","datePublished":"2026-10-29T13:08:49.597Z","dateUpdated":"2026-10-29T13:08:49.597Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"providerMetadata":{"orgId":"83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10","shortName":"VulnCheck","dateUpdated":"2026-10-29T13:08:49.597Z"},"datePublic":"2019-03-06T00:00:00.000Z","title":"Python-Markdown 3.0 through 3.11.2 Denial of Service via Link Bracket Parsing","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"Python-Markdown 3.0 through 3.11.2 contains an algorithmic complexity vulnerability in inline link parsing that allows remote attackers to exhaust CPU through unmatched brackets. Attackers can submit short Markdown containing repeated [ or ![ characters, forcing LinkInlineProcessor.getText() and getLink() into quadratic scans that keep workers busy for minutes."}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","description":"Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity","cweId":"CWE-407","type":"CWE"}]}],"affected":[{"vendor":"Python-Markdown","product":"Markdown","defaultStatus":"unaffected","packageURL":"pkg:pypi/markdown","versions":[{"version":"3.0","lessThanOrEqual":"3.11.2","status":"affected","versionType":"custom"}],"repo":"https://github.com/Python-Markdown/markdown"}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:python-markdown2_project:python-markdown2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.0","versionEndIncluding":"3.11.2"}]}]}],"metrics":[{"format":"CVSS","cvssV4_0":{"version":"4.0","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","attackRequirements":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","vulnIntegrityImpact":"NONE","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"HIGH","subConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","subIntegrityImpact":"NONE","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":8.7,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"}},{"format":"CVSS","cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"NONE","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"}}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/Python-Markdown/markdown/issues/798","tags":["issue-tracking"],"name":"GitHub Issue #798"},{"url":"https://github.com/Python-Markdown/markdown","tags":["product"]},{"url":"https://github.com/Python-Markdown/markdown/issues/1654","tags":["issue-tracking"],"name":"GitHub Issue #1654"},{"url":"https://github.com/Python-Markdown/markdown/blob/b41e0aaf1181f1a8cb200cf5a815aad7c0020d23/markdown/inlinepatterns.py#L1155-L1172","tags":["technical-description"]},{"name":"VulnCheck Advisory: Python-Markdown 3.0 through 3.11.2 Denial of Service via Link Bracket Parsing","tags":["third-party-advisory"],"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/python-markdown-3.0-through-3.11.2-denial-of-service-via-link-bracket-parsing"}],"credits":[{"lang":"en","value":"Anders Kaseorg","type":"finder"},{"lang":"en","value":"Muhammadyusuf Dilmurodov (agrresore)","type":"finder"}],"x_generator":{"engine":"vulncheck-endgame"}}}}